Equipment Location Systems – Providing Intermodal Terminal Operators with Information Accuracy     

Ken Kelley  Ali Bologlu 《GPS Solutions》1998,2(1):1-12

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D/H ratios of the coexisting phlogopite and richterite from mica nodules and a peridotite in South African kimberlites     

Yoshimasu Kuroda  Tetsuro Suzuoki  Sadao Matsuo  Ken -ichiro Aoki 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1975,52(4):315-318

The water content and D/H ratio of pairs of phlogopite and richterite in kimberlite samples were measured. The water contents of both minerals were lower than the formula content. On the basis of D/H ratios of the pair, phlogopite and richterite can not be regarded as a simple equilibrium product with respect to hydrogen isotope exchange. It seems impossible to estimate D/H ratio of the mantle water through D/H ratios of the hydrous silicate pairs.  相似文献   

Carbon dioxide and methane dynamics in a sub-Arctic peatland in northern Finland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Juha E. P. Heikkinen  Marja Maljanen  Mika Aurela  Ken J. Hargreaves  Pertti J. Martikainen 《Polar research》2002,21(1):49-62

We studied carbon dynamics on various surface parts of a highly patterned fen, typical in northern Finland, to examine the importance of different microsites to the areal carbon fluxes. The studies were carried out in June-September 1995 on a mesotrophic flark fen (an aapa mire) in Kaamanen (69°08'N, 27° 17'E). Wet flarks, moist lawns and dry strings accounted for 60%, 10% and 30% of the surface area, respectively. A static chamber technique was applied to measure the CH₄ exchange, the instantaneous net ecosystem exchange (NEE, transparent chamber) and the ecosystem respiration (R_tot' opaque chamber) in several microsites. The static chamber results were compared with those obtained by the eddy covariance technique. The mean daytime areal net ecosystem CO₂ exchange rate measurement in conditions where photosynthesis was light saturated (PAR>400 μmol m_-2 s_-1) varied during the measurement period from −59 mg CO₂-C m⁻²h⁻¹ (release) to 250 (uptake). The mean CH₄ emission during the measuring period was 78 mg CH_4-Cm⁻² d⁻¹ on the flarks, 68 mg on the lawn and 6.0 mg on the strings. The strings without shrubs (mainly Betula nana ) were in general net sources of CO₂, even during the middle of the growing season, whereas the lawns, flarks and also strings growing B. nana showed a daytime net uptake of CO₂. Areally integrated chamber results showed lower CO₂ and higher CH₄ fluxes than predicted from the eddy covariance measurements.  相似文献   

Shear zone vs folding origin for spiral inclusion trails in the Canton Schist   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Aaron Stallard  Ken Hickey 《Journal of Structural Geology》2001,23(12):1272

The three-dimensional geometry of spiral inclusion trails from the Canton Schist were measured to determine whether the spirals were a product of porphyroblast rotation within a shear zone, or porphyroblast growth during a series of overprinting fold events. The spiral inclusion trails are composed of three separate, sub-planar inclusion trail surfaces occupying texturally distinct parts of the porphyroblasts. These surfaces are correlated across a >10 km² area using textural criteria and relative timing. Measured patterns of inclusion trail orientation and asymmetry suggest they did not form by porphyroblast rotation within a non-coaxial shear zone. Rather, the porphyroblasts grew during three successive overprinting fold events (F₂–F₄), and the spiral inclusion trails represent the accumulated curvature associated with folding of successive axial plane foliations. The data show that spiral garnets are not peculiar to shear zones, and can form by overprinting crenulations and folds. This is consistent with the common occurrence of spiral garnets in multiply-deformed, regionally metamorphosed fold belts.  相似文献   

Soils of the world (wall chart), P. Lof,Elsevier, 1987. Price: US $15.50 or dfl. 45.00. ISBN 0–444–42575–6     

Ken Atkinson 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1989,14(4):363-364

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Book Review: “The Hydrogeology of Crystalline Basement Aquifers in Africa”     

Ken W. P. Howard 《Hydrogeology Journal》1992,1(4):49-50

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Towards a cleaner marine environment—European Community priorities for protection     

Ken Collins Mep 《Marine pollution bulletin》1994,29(6-12):641-643

The sea covers 70% of the Earth's surface and plays a fundamental role in the global ecosystem. In order to safeguard it effectively, action must be taken at many levels, by many users in many different areas. This paper will focus on the European Communities' policies for dealing with marine pollution. It discusses the case for joint action and describes how international, co-ordinated action can be most effectively enforced.

Protecting the marine environment by carefully regulating the activities of all users will require effective but realistic policies that can be monitored and enforced. It is necessary to consider shipping, the fishery industry, tourism and many other industries, to see where changes may be required. At the same time, it should be remembered that 80% of marine pollution derives from land-based sources. A holistic approach to environmental policy-making is therefore necessary in order to provide a cleaner marine environment.  相似文献   

Along-arc lateral variation of Rb−Sr and K−Ar ages of Cretaceous granitic rocks in Southwest Japan     

Takashi Nakajima  Teruo Shirahase  Ken Shibata 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1990,104(4):381-389

Cretaceous granitic rocks were emplaced over a distance of 700 km along arc in Southwest Japan. Rb–Sr and K–Ar ages of a major group of these granitic rocks, with ilmenite series ore mineralogy, were examined. Rb–Sr whole rock ages of 92.8±4.0 Ma and Rb–Sr and K–Ar biotite ages of 80–88 Ma were obtained on one group of these granitic rocks from Kamo-Sera area of central Hiroshima Prefecture. The K–Ar ages of various minerals, combined with the Rb–Sr whole-rock age, give a smooth cooling curve, which suggests a 5 to 10 Ma time-lag between intrusion and cooling at 300° C for the Cretaceous granitic rocks. The Rb–Sr whole-rock and Rb–Sr/K–Ar biotite ages of these granitic rocks become younger eastward along the Southwest Japan arc, and the time-lag between the two systems remains constant at 5 to 10 Ma over the entire area. The along-arc age variation does not support the genetical relationship of the Cretaceous granitoids with steady-state subduction. The Cretaceous granitic province at the eastern margin of Eurasian continent was, at least partly, formed by an episodic event such as ridge subduction.  相似文献   

Flow conditions of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand,inferred from capping bedforms and sedimentary structures     

Montri Choowong  Naomi Murakoshi  Ken‐ichiro Hisada  Thasinee Charoentitirat  Punya Charusiri  Sumet Phantuwongraj  Prawpan Wongkok  Alongkorn Choowong  Rittirong Subsayjun  Vichai Chutakositkanon  Kruawan Jankaew  Pitsanupong Kanjanapayont 《地学学报》2008,20(2):141-149

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami deposited a sheet of sand with surficial bedforms at the Andaman coast of Thailand. Here we show the recognition of bedforms and the key internal sedimentary structures as criteria of the tsunami supercritical flow condition. The presence of well‐preserved capping bedforms implied a dominant tsunami inflow. Sets of internal sedimentary structures including parallel lamination, seaward and landward inclined‐laminations, and downstream dipping laminae indicated antidune structures that were generated by a supercritical flow current in a depositional stage during the inflow. A set of seaward dipping cross‐laminations containing sand with mud drape on the surface of one depositional layer are a unique indication of an outflow structure. A majority of deposits show normal grading, but in some areas, localized reverse grading was also observed. The recognition of these capping bedforms and determination of the internal sedimentary structures provides new key criteria to help derive a better understanding of tsunami flow conditions.  相似文献   

Geology,Mineralogy, Geochronology,and Sulfur Isotope Constraints on the Genesis of the Luanling Gold Telluride Deposit,Western Henan Province,Central China     

Weiwei Chao  Ken‐ichiro Hayashi  Huishou Ye  Jingwen Mao  Yanguang Geng  Minfeng Bi  Peng Wang  Qiuming Pei 《Resource Geology》2019,69(4):333-350

The Luanling gold telluride deposit in the Xiong'ershan region is located in the southern margin of the North China Craton. The deposit formed in four stages, that is, an early pyrite‐quartz stage (I), a pyrite‐molybdenite stage (II), a sulfide‐telluride‐gold stage (III), and a late carbonate stage (IV). Six species of telluride in stage (III) are recognized, including hessite, altaite, petzite, unidentified Au‐Ag‐Te mineral, empressite, and unidentified Ag‐Te‐S mineral. Gold occurs mostly as native gold and electrum along the microfractures of sulfides or the contact between sulfide and telluride. The mineralization temperature of stage I and stage III ranges from 296 to 377°C and 241 to 324°C, respectively. Tellurides in stage III precipitate at the log?_S2 from ?14.3 to ?7.3 and log?_Te2 from ?17.4 to ?9.4. The ores were formed in an oxidizing environment. The Re‐Os model ages of molybdenite are 162–164 Ma, which indicate that the main ore formation stage was in the Late Jurassic. The Re contents of five molybdenite samples from the Luanling deposit have a range of 36.32–81.95 ppm, except for one large value of 220 ppm, which indicates that the ore‐forming materials are mainly derived from a crustal‐dominated source. The δ³⁴S values of sulfides range from ?17.6 to ?6.2‰, whereas those of sulfates are from 6.8 to 11.5‰. The δ³⁴S_∑S value of the ore‐forming system is 0.0–3.7‰, indicating that the sulfur of the Luanling deposit derived from a deep igneous source. Mineral association and isotope data of the Luanling deposit, together with its geodynamic setting, imply that this deposit belongs to a part of the metallogenic system of the Nannihu‐Sandaozhuang, Shangfangou porphyry molybdenum deposits, and the Late Jurassic granitic intrusions.  相似文献